Voltage ripple refers to the small, unwanted fluctuations or oscillations in the DC voltage output of a power supply, typically caused by the switching action of rectifiers and inadequate filtering. In cybersecurity and electronics, excessive voltage ripple can introduce noise and instability in sensitive circuits, potentially leading to data corruption, hardware malfunctions, or vulnerabilities in cryptographic modules. Proper filtering and regulation are essential to minimize voltage ripple and maintain the reliability and security of electronic systems.