Nutrient pollution occurs when excess nitrogen and phosphorus enter water bodies, often from sources like agricultural runoff, wastewater, and stormwater. These nutrients act as fertilizers, fueling the rapid growth of algae and aquatic plants. This process, known as eutrophication, can lead to harmful algal blooms that deplete oxygen in the water, kill fish, and disrupt aquatic ecosystems. Nutrient pollution not only harms wildlife but can also impact human health and local economies by contaminating drinking water and limiting recreational activities. Effective management of nutrient sources is essential to protect water quality and ecosystem health.