The European Space Agency (ESA) is Europe’s primary intergovernmental organization dedicated to space exploration, research, and technology development. Established in 1975, ESA brings together 22 member countries to coordinate and fund satellite launches, scientific missions, and space policy initiatives. ESA collaborates with global partners, including NASA, to advance knowledge in areas such as Earth observation, planetary science, telecommunications, and human spaceflight. Its work supports innovation, security, and economic growth across Europe, while fostering international cooperation in the peaceful use of outer space.