Capex, short for capital expenditures, refers to the funds a company invests in acquiring, upgrading, or maintaining physical assets such as buildings, equipment, or technology infrastructure. In cybersecurity, Capex often covers the purchase of new hardware like firewalls, servers, or security appliances, as well as the construction or expansion of data centers. Unlike operational expenditures (Opex), which cover day-to-day expenses, Capex represents long-term investments intended to enhance an organization's security posture and support future growth. Effective Capex planning is essential for ensuring that cybersecurity infrastructure remains robust, scalable, and capable of addressing evolving threats.